Located on the banks of the River Godavari, this erstwhile second century BCE capital of the Satvahana Dynasty has witnessed more history than perhaps any other city in the vicinity. Back then, it was known as Pratisthana, translated as City of Prestige or a City of Firm Standing. The town has a record of trade with Romans and has found mention in the Greek literature. Coins dating back to the era found in the region substantiate this historical claim. Paithan was and continues to be a popular centre for textile manufacturing and trade. The town's signature Paithani saree is popular for its use of gold and intricate artistry. While the sarees continue to retain its mark, the political significance of the city itself has waned with time. However, the town continues to be popular as a religious centre for Hindus and Jains. People flock annually to the Yatra celebrations dedicated to Marathi Saint Eknath.

Besides the temples, the town these days is frequented by many to shop for Paithani sarees, walk in its Vrindavan-style Dnyaneshwar Garden, named after another popular Marathi Saint, and to visit Jayakwadi Dam, one of the largest irrigation projects in the region. Located about 50 km south of Aurangabad, Jayakwadi is also known as Nath Sagar and is a massive structure with more than two dozen floodgates. You need to park the car and then walk up the staircase to the promenade built for viewing the huge mass of water. For security reasons, photography is prohibited inside the dam compound.