Reserve Bank Governor Sanjay Malhotra has said the government may eventually have to raise petrol and diesel prices if the ongoing Middle East crisis continues for a prolonged period, PTI reported on Wednesday.
Speaking at a conference in Switzerland on Tuesday, Malhotra said the disruption in oil and gas supplies due to the conflict and blockade of the Strait of Hormuz has begun impacting India, which remains heavily dependent on energy and fertiliser imports.
Referring to the crisis, the RBI governor said if it continues for a longer duration, it is a “matter of time that the government will actually pass on some of these price increases”.
The government has so far not increased retail petrol and diesel prices despite the conflict in West Asia that began on February 28.
Malhotra also said the government has remained fiscally prudent and continues on the path of fiscal consolidation.
The comments come amid rising pressure on India’s external sector due to elevated crude oil prices and a weakening rupee, which has slipped below the 95 mark against the US dollar.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi had earlier called for measures such as reducing fuel consumption and lowering edible oil usage to help conserve foreign exchange reserves.
As global crude oil prices surge amid the prolonged Middle East conflict and disruptions around the Strait of Hormuz, India has so far avoided major increases in petrol and diesel prices, choosing instead to absorb the pressure through state-run oil marketing companies (OMCs), tax adjustments and supply management measures.
The Centre has repeatedly asserted that there is no fuel shortage in the country and no plan to introduce rationing of petrol, diesel or LPG despite disruptions in global energy shipments linked to the Iran conflict and the Strait of Hormuz crisis.
“There is no need to panic. There are sufficient supplies. There is no rationing in place. It's not going to happen,” Oil Secretary Neeraj Mittal said recently at the CII Annual Business Summit.
Officials said India currently maintains around 60 days of fuel stocks and nearly 45 days of LPG inventories despite continuing volatility in global energy markets.
OMC losses mount as crude prices surge
The government’s decision to hold retail fuel prices steady despite rising international crude rates has increased pressure on state-run oil companies.
According to official discussions reviewed during recent government briefings, OMCs are estimated to be losing between Rs 1,000 crore and Rs 1,200 crore every day because of elevated crude prices and unchanged pump rates.
Under-recoveries are estimated to have approached nearly Rs 2 lakh crore during the first quarter of 2026.
The current crisis intensified after shipping movement through the Strait of Hormuz — a key global oil transit route handling nearly one-fifth of global crude flows — came under severe disruption during the Iran conflict.
Brent crude prices surged above $110 per barrel during the latest phase of the crisis, sharply increasing import costs for major oil-consuming countries like India. India imports nearly 90 per cent of its crude oil requirements, making the economy highly vulnerable to global energy price shocks.
Govt focuses on supply stability, inflation control
The Centre has simultaneously attempted to prevent inflationary shocks and avoid panic in domestic fuel markets.
Officials said India has increased procurement from alternate suppliers and secured additional energy cargoes to maintain uninterrupted supplies.
“We have procured from other sources. We have procured from other countries. We have increased procurement from existing countries and that has kept us going in terms of supply management in the short run,” Mittal said.
The government has also absorbed part of the global price shock through excise duty adjustments on petrol and diesel. Officials estimate the revenue impact of fuel-related tax reductions at nearly Rs 1.6 lakh crore.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday (May 10) urged citizens to conserve fuel, reduce unnecessary imports and avoid wasteful consumption as rising oil prices increase pressure on India’s import bill and foreign exchange reserves. The Prime Minister also encouraged greater use of public transport, carpooling, electric vehicles and work-from-home arrangements wherever possible. The government has described these as precautionary steps rather than emergency restrictions.
Pressure likely to continue
Fuel prices remain among the most politically sensitive economic issues in India because increases in petrol and diesel rates directly affect transport costs, food prices and household budgets.
While the Centre has so far avoided large retail fuel price increases, analysts say prolonged suppression of prices could further strain OMC finances if crude prices remain elevated for a longer period.
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